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Lubricating system

Lubricating system



1. Check valve

2. Piston cooling nozzle

3. Oil pump

4. Chain tensioner

5. Heat exchanger

6. Oil filter


Engine lubrication is performed by a force-fed lubricating system in which the oil pressure is created by a gear pump comprising a gear and an eccentric ring wheel. The pump is placed in the timing cover and is driven by the crankshaft.

Oil is drawn up from the sump via a strainer and suction pipe to the oil pump. A pressure-reducing valve in the timing cover limits the oil pressure at the same time as excess oil is lead back to the suction side of the pump. The oil then passes via an oilway in the cylinder block to the oil filter.

The engine has a heat exchanger in which the engine coolant and oil temperatures affect each other, giving a more even engine temperature.

After filtration and cooling/heating, the oil is passed through the main oilway in the cylinder head where the pressure sensor is located. When the oil pressure falls too low, the sensor grounds the electrical circuit for the warning light in the main instrument unit.

The main and big-end bearing on the crankshaft are lubricated via oilways in the block and the crankshaft, while pistons and cylinder walls are lubricated by oil mist and splashes in the crankcase. Each cylinder also has a piston cooling nozzle, which directs a fine spray of oil towards the bottom of the piston.

M01, VIN 12020001-: The engine has a new design of piston with cooling ducts for better piston cooling. The design of the nozzles that spray oil into the pistons has also been modified to improve cooling. In addition, a new, improved check valve has been introduced, to keep the oil in the cylinder block.

All: The balancer shafts are supplied with oil via holes in the main bearings, which deliver oil down to the main bearing bridge. This also acts as the mounting point for the balancer shafts.

From the main oilway in the cylinder block there is also a relief channel leading via a relief valve to the cylinder head for lubricating the camshafts, valve mechanism and vacuum pump. The oil passes via a hole for one of the bolts in the cylinder head to drilled oilways to all the camshaft bearings and valve tappets.

Oil sump


The oil sump is adapted for the cylinder block and is sealed with a metal gasket with vulcanized rubber elements.

Oil filter

The oil filter is the insert type located in a filter housing. This is integrated with the heat exchanger on the cylinder block pointing towards the front of the car.