Catalytic converters, V6
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
   Two catalytic converters are used to reduce exhaust emissions. They can oxidise hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) to carbon dioxide (CO
   
    2
   
   ) and water (H
   
    2
   
   O). The catalytic converters can also help to oxidise some of the particles that are formed in the exhaust gases emitted by diesel engines.
   
   
  
  
   A catalytic converter comprises a ceramic substrate (monolith) with a porous layer to increase the active surface. This layer contains microscopic particles of the catalyst platinum (Pt).