Lubricating system
Lubricating system |
2. Camshaft, LH cylinder bank
3. Vacuum pump
4. Camshaft bearing
5. Cylinder head, RH cylinder bank
6. Cylinder head, LH cylinder bank
7. Oil nozzle for transmission wheel
8. Intermediate gear, transmission
9. Oil cooler
10. Oil filter, pressure relief valve
11. Oil filter, primary flow
12. Oil filter, bypass valve
13. Crankcase
14. Oil level sensor
15. Oil sump
16. Oil strainer
17. Oil pump
18. Oil cooler
19. Oil reduction valve
20. Turbocharger
21. Crankshaft main bearing
22. Piston cooling nozzle
23. Connecting rod bearing
24. Piston
25. Gudgeon pin
Engine lubrication is by means of a force-feed lubricating system, in which the oil pressure is generated by a rotor pump comprising a rotor pinion and an offset ring gear. The pump is located in the lower timing cover and driven by the crankshaft. Oil is drawn up from the sump via a strainer and suction pipe into the oil pump. From the pump, the oil passes through the oil cooler to a large full-flow oil filter and then a partial flow filter and on to the main passage in the cylinder block, crankshaft bearing, camshaft bearing, turbocharger, timing gear and piston cooling.
The camshaft sprockets are lubricated via the camshaft bearings. Pistons and gudgeon pins are lubricated via the oil cooling nozzles and splash from the crankcase. The connecting rod bearings are lubricated via the oil passages in the crankshaft. Oil then runs back to the sump via drain holes in the cylinder head. The oil filter comprises a paper element fitted in a filter container. In case the filter should become blocked, there is a bypass valve fitted that leads the oil past the filter and ensure engine lubrication.
A reduction valve in the oil pump housing limits the oil pressure at the same time as it lead excess oil back to the suction side of the pump. There is a heat exchanger on the oil filter adapter, where the oil is cooled by the engine coolant. When the oil pressure becomes too low, the engine oil pressure sensor will ground the electrical circuit for the warning lamp located in the main instrument display panel.
Oil sump |
The oil sump is in two parts. The bottom part is made in steel plate and is sealed with flange sealant. The top part is made of aluminium and contains the oil strainer, suction pipe and oil level sensor. The oil level sensor sends signals to the engine control module, which in its turn sends a message out on the bus. This is then displayed on the car's information display.
Oil filter |
The insert oil filter is located in a filter housing integrated with the oil cooler heat exchanger. The filter is mounted on the cylinder block under the front cylinder member.